Evidence Based Research - MINDFULNESS IN ACTION

Research Evidence for efficacy of mindfulness based approaches for:

ADHD:

Cairncross, M.& Miller, C.J. (2016). The effectiveness of mindfulness-based therapies for ADHD: A meta-analytic review. Journal Of Attention Disorders.

Cassone, A.R. (2015). Mindfulness training as an adjunct to evidence-based treatment for ADHD within families. Journal of Attentional Disorders.

Anxiety and Depression:

Hofmann, S.G., Sawyer, A.T., Witt, A.A. & and Oh, D. (2015). The effect of mindfulness-based therapy on anxiety and depression: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology.

Caregiver Stress:

Piersol, C.V., Canton, K., Connor, S.E., Giller, I., Lipman, S. & Sager, S. (2017). Effectiveness of interventions for caregivers of people with Alzheimer’s Disease and related major neurocognitive disorders: A systematic review. American Journal of Occupational Therapy.

Chronic Pain:

Cherkin, D.C., Sherman, K.J., Balderson, H. (2016). Effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction vs cognitive behavioural therapy or usual care on back pain and functional limitations in adults with chronic low back pain: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA.

Khoo, E., Small, R. (and 8 others, 2019). Comparative evaluation of group-based mindfulness-based stress reduction and cognitive behavioural therapy for the treatment and management of chronic pain: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Evidence Based Mental Health (BMJ).

Depression:

Chi, X., Bo, A., Liu, T., Zhang, P. and Chi, I. (2018). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on depression in adolescents and young adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology.

Daniel N. R., Fox, J. et al. (7 others, 2017). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for young people and their carers: a mixed-method feasibility study. Mindfulness.

Goldberg, S.B., Tucker, R.P., Greene, P.A., Davidson, R.J., Kearney, D.J. & Simpson, T.L. (2019). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for the treatment of current depressive symptoms: a meta-analysis. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy.

Kuyken, W., Warren, F.C. et al. (2016). Efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in prevention of depressive relapse. JAMA Psychiatry.

Kuyken, W., Hayes, R. et al. (24 others, 2015). Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy compared with maintenance antidepressant treatment in the prevention of depressive relapse or recurrence (PREVENT): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet.

McCartney, M., Nevitt, S., Lloyd, A., Hill, R., White, R. and Duarte, R. (2021). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for prevention and time to depressive relapse: Systematic review and network meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica.

Immune Response and Neuroplastic Changes:

Creswell, J.D., Taren, A.A. et al. (9 others, 2016). Alterations in resting-state functional connectivity link mindfulness meditation with reduced interleukin-6: A randomized controlled trial. Biological Psychiatry.

Insomnia:

Black, D. S., O’Reilly, G.A., Olmstead, R., Breen, E. C.; Irwin, M.R. (2015). Mindfulness meditation and improvement in sleep quality and daytime impairment among older adults with sleep disturbances: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Internal Medicine.

Mild Cognitive Impairment among older adults:

Wong, W.P., Coles, J. et al., 2017. The Effects of Mindfulness on Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Journal of Alzheimers Disease Rep., v. 1, p. 181-193

PTSD:

Boyd, J.E., Lanius, R.A., & McKinnon, M.C. (2018). Mindfulness-based treatments for post traumatic stress disorder: A review of the treatment literature and neurobiological evidence. Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience.

Stress and well-being:

Bower, J.E., Crosswell, A.D. et al. (7 others, 2015). Mindfulness meditation for younger breast cancer survivors: A randomized controlled trial. Cancer.

Goyal, M., Singh, S., et al. (12 others) (2014). Meditation programs for psychological stress and well-being. Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 124. (Johns Hopkins University Evidence- based Practice Center, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

Pascoe, M.C., Thompson, D.R., Jenkins, Z.M. and Ski, C.F. (2017). Mindfulness mediates the physiological markers of stress: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Psychiatric Research.

Mental health conditions:

Goldberg, S.B., Tucker, R.P., Greene, P.A., Davidson, R.J., Wampold, B.E., Kearney, D.J. & Simpson, T.L. (2018). Mindfulness-based interventions for psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review.

Sundquist, J., Palme, K., Johansson, L.M., Sundquist, K. (2017). The effect of mindfulness group therapy on a broad range of psychiatric symptoms: A randomised controlled trial in primary health care. European Psychiatry.

Vancampfort, D. et al. (10 others) (2021). The efficacy of meditation-based mind-body interventions for mental disorders: A meta-review of 17 meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Psychiatric Research.

Physical health conditions:

Zheng, M.X., Masters-Waage, T.C., Yao, J., Lu, Y., Tan, N. & Narayana, J. (2020). Stay mindful and carry on: Mindfulness neutralizes COVID-19 stressors on work engagement via sleep duration. Frontiers in Psychology.

Efficacy of mindfulness based approaches for different mindfulness courses:

A. Mindful Awareness Practices (MAPs):

ADHD:

Bueno, V. F., Kozasa, E. H., da Silva, M. A., Alves, T. M., Louzã, M.R., Pompéia, S. (2015). Mindfulness meditation improves mood, quality of life, and attention in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. BioMed Research International.

Insomnia/Sleep:

Stress:

Bower, J.E., Crosswell, A.D. et al. (7 others, 2015). Mindfulness meditation for younger breast cancer survivors: A randomized controlled trial. Cancer.

B. Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT):

Anxiety & Depression:

Daniel N. R., Fox, J. et al. (7 others, 2017). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for young people and their carers: a mixed-method feasibility study. Mindfulness.

Hofmann, S.G., Sawyer, A.T., Witt, A.A. & and Oh, D. (2010). The effect of mindfulness-based therapy on anxiety and depression: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology.

Kuyken, W., Warren, F.C. et al. (2016). Efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in prevention of depressive relapse. JAMA Psychiatry.

C. Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and other mindfulness based interventions:

Caregiver stress:

Depression in adolescents and young adults:

Immune Response and Neuroplastic Changes:

Pain:

Prevalence of harm:

Hirshberg, M.J., Goldberg, S.B., Rosenkranz, M. & Davidson, R.J.(2020). Prevalence of harm in mindfulness-based stress reduction. Psychological Medicine.

Main finding – participating in MBSR does not lead to increased rates of harm compared to no treatment, and can instead be protective. More research recommended for the small proportion of participants that do experience harm.

Stress and well-being:

deVibe, M., Bjorndal, A., Fattah, S., Myrdal, G.M., Halland, E. & Tanner-Smith, E.E. (2017). Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) for improving health, quality of life and social functioning in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cambell Collaboration.

Goyal, M., Singh, S., et al. (12 others, 2014). Meditation programs for psychological stress and well-being. Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 124. (Johns Hopkins University Evidence- based Practice Center, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

Pascoe, M.C., Thompson, D.R., Jenkins, Z.M. and Ski, C.F. (2017). Mindfulness mediates the physiological markers of stress: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Psychiatric Research.

Mental health conditions in various settings:

Vancampfort, D., (and 10 others) (2021). The efficacy of meditation-based mind-body interventions for mental disorders: A meta-review of 17 meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Psychiatric Research.